Maitiro ekuita kweiyo ruzha inotemerwa pamwe chete neinonzwika sosi mudziyo uye inotevera nhanho yekusimbisa inzwi, iyo ine inonzwika sosi, tuning, midziyo yekutenderera, inosimbisa inzwi uye yekubatanidza michina.

1. Sound source system

Iyo maikorofoni ndiyo yekutanga link yeyose inonzwika system yekusimbisa kana yekurekodha system, uye mhando yayo inobata zvakananga kunaka kwese system.Maikorofoni akakamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: waya uye isina waya zvichienderana nechimiro chekutumira chiratidzo.

Wireless maikorofoni inonyanya kukodzera kunhonga nharembozha manzwi.Kuti ufambise kutorwa kweruzha rwezviitiko zvakasiyana, imwe neimwe isina waya maikorofoni system inogona kugadzirirwa maikorofoni inobatwa neruoko uye Lavalier maikorofoni.Sezvo iyo studio ine inonzwika yekusimbisa sisitimu panguva imwe chete, kuitira kudzivirira acoustic mhinduro, isina waya inobatwa maikorofoni inofanirwa kushandisa cardioid unidirectional yepedyo-inotaura maikorofoni yekutora kutaura uye kuimba.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo isina waya maikorofoni sisitimu inofanirwa kutora siyana yekugamuchira tekinoroji, iyo isingangogone kuvandudza kugadzikana kweiyo yakagamuchirwa chiratidzo, asi zvakare kubatsira kubvisa iyo yakafa kona uye bofu nzvimbo yechiratidzo chakagamuchirwa.

Iyo maikorofoni ine waya ine yakawanda-inoshanda, yakawanda-nguva, yakawanda-giredhi maikorofoni kumisikidza.Pakutorwa kwemutauro kana zvekuimba, cardioid condenser maikorofoni anowanzo shandiswa, uye inopfekwa electret maikorofoni inogona kushandiswawo munzvimbo dzine ruzha rwakati tsvikiti;maikorofoni-mhando yepamusoro-directional condenser maikorofoni inogona kushandiswa kutora mhedzisiro yezvakatipoteredza;zviridzwa zvepercussion zvinowanzo shandiswa Low-sensitivity inofambisa coil maikorofoni;high-end condenser maikorofoni yetambo, keyboards uye zvimwe zviridzwa zvemimhanzi;high-directivity close-talk maikorofoni inogona kushandiswa kana kwezvakatipoteredza ruzha zvinodiwa zvakakwirira;single-point gooseneck condenser maikorofoni inofanirwa kushandiswa tichitarisa kuchinjika kwevatambi vetheater hombe .

Nhamba uye mhando yemakrofoni inogona kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvesaiti.

2. Tuning system

Chikamu chikuru chetuning sisitimu musanganiswa, unogona kukwidziridza, kudzikisira, uye nekugadzirisa zvine simba masaini ekuisa masaini emazinga akasiyana uye impedance;shandisa iyo yakasungirirwa yakaenzana kugadzirisa yega yega frequency bhendi yechiratidzo;Mushure mekugadzirisa chiyero chekusanganisa chechiratidzo chega chega, chiteshi chega chega chinopihwa uye chinotumirwa kune yega yega yekugamuchira;dzora mhenyu inosimbisa siginecha uye chiratidzo chekurekodha.

Pane zvinhu zvishoma zvekuteerera kana uchishandisa musanganiswa.Chekutanga, sarudza mameseji ekupinza ane yakakura yekupinza port inotakura huwandu uye yakakura frequency mhinduro zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.Unogona kusarudza kupinza maikorofoni kana kupinza mutsara.Yese inopinza ine inoenderera nhanho yekudzora bhatani uye 48V phantom simba switch..Nenzira iyi, chikamu chekuisa chechiteshi chega chega chinogona kukwidziridza nhanho yekupinza isati yagadziriswa.Chechipiri, nekuda kwematambudziko emhinduro uye nhanho yekudzoka yekutarisa mukusimbisa inzwi, Iyo yakanyanya kuenzana yezvikamu zvekupinza, zvekubatsira zvinobuda uye zveboka zvinobuda, zviri nani, uye kutonga kuri nyore.Chechitatu, nokuda kwekuchengeteka uye kuvimbika kwepurogiramu, musanganisi anogona kunge akashongedzerwa nemagetsi maviri makuru uye akamira, uye anogona kushandura otomatiki.Gadzirisa uye kudzora chikamu chechiratidzo chezwi), iyo yekupinza uye inobuda zviteshi zvinonyanya XLR zvigadziko.

3. Peripheral midziyo

Pa-saiti inosimbisa ruzha inofanirwa kuve neyakakura yakaringana yekudzvanya nhanho pasina kuburitsa acoustic mhinduro, kuitira kuti vatauri uye maamplifiers adzivirirwe.Panguva imwecheteyo, kuitira kuchengetedza kujeka kweinzwi, asiwo kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwekusimba kwekurira, zvinodikanwa kuisa maodhiyo ekugadziridza michina pakati pemusanganisi uye simba amplifier, seyakaenzana, mhinduro inodzvinyirira. , compressors, exciters, frequency dividers, Sound distributor.

Frequency equalizer uye mhinduro suppressor inoshandiswa kudzvanya mhinduro yemutsindo, kugadzirisa hurema hwezwi, uye kuve nechokwadi chekujeka kwenzwi.Iyo compressor inoshandiswa kuve nechokwadi kuti iyo amplifier yemagetsi haizokonzerese kuwanda kana kukanganisa kana ikasangana nepamusoro peiyo chiratidzo chekuisa, uye inogona kuchengetedza simba amplifier nevatauri.Iyo exciter inoshandiswa kushongedza ruzha rwekuita, kureva, kuvandudza ruvara rweruzha, kupinda mukati, uye stereo Sense, kujeka uye bass mhedzisiro.Iyo frequency divider inoshandiswa kutumira masaini eakasiyana ma frequency mabhendi kune anoenderana simba amplifiers, uye magetsi amplifiers anokudza masaini masaini uye anoaburitsa kune vatauri.Kana iwe uchida kugadzira chirongwa chepamusoro-soro chemaitiro ekugadzira, zvakanyanya kufanira kushandisa 3-segment electronic crossover mukugadzirwa kwezwi reinforcement system.

Kune matambudziko mazhinji mukuiswa kweiyo audio system.Kufunga kwakashata kwechinzvimbo chekubatanidza uye kutevedzana kwemidziyo yeperipheral kunokonzera kusakwana kwekuita kwemidziyo, uye kunyange midziyo inopiswa.Kubatana kwemidziyo yeperipheral kazhinji kunoda kurongeka: iyo yakaenzana inowanikwa mushure memusanganisi;uye mudzvanyiriri wemhinduro haafanire kuiswa pamberi peakaenzana.Kana iyo inodzvinyirira mhinduro yakaiswa pamberi peequalizer, zvakaoma kubvisa zvizere acoustic mhinduro, iyo isingakodzeri kuFeedback suppressor kugadzirisa;iyo compressor inofanira kuiswa mushure mekuenzana uye inodzvinyirira mhinduro, nokuti basa guru re compressor kudzvinyirira zviratidzo zvakanyanyisa uye kuchengetedza simba amplifier nevatauri;iyo exciter yakabatanidzwa pamberi pesimba amplifier;Iyo yemagetsi crossover yakabatana pamberi pesimba amplifier sezvinodiwa.

Kuita kuti chirongwa chakarekodhwa chiwane mhedzisiro yakanaka, iyo compressor paramita inofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvakakodzera.Kamwe iyo compressor inopinda iyo yakamanikidzwa mamiriro, ichava nemhedzisiro inoparadza pane ruzha, saka edza kudzivirira compressor munzvimbo yakamanikidzwa kwenguva yakareba.Nheyo yekutanga yekubatanidza compressor mugero huru yekuwedzera ndeyekuti midziyo yeperipheral kumashure kwake haifanirwe kuve nechiratidzo chekusimudzira basa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, zvikasadaro compressor haigone kuita basa rekudzivirira zvachose.Ichi ndicho chikonzero iyo yakaenzana inofanirwa kuwanikwa pamberi pemhinduro yekudzvanya, uye iyo compressor inowanikwa mushure mekudzvanyirira mhinduro.

Iyo exciter inoshandisa human psychoacoustic phenomena kugadzira yakakwirira-frequency harmonic zvikamu zvinoenderana neiyo yakakosha frequency yekurira.Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakaderera-frequency yekuwedzera basa inogona kugadzira yakapfuma yakaderera-frequency zvikamu uye kuwedzera kuwedzera toni.Naizvozvo, iyo inonzwika chiratidzo chinogadzirwa neiyo exciter ine yakakura kwazvo frequency bhendi.Kana iyo frequency bhendi ye compressor yakafara zvakanyanya, zvinogoneka kuti iyo exciter ibatanidzwe pamberi pe compressor.

Iyo yemagetsi frequency divider yakabatana pamberi pesimba remagetsi amplifier sezvinodiwa kutsiva kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nenharaunda uye frequency mhinduro yeakasiyana program sound source;chikuru chakaipa ndechokuti kubatana uye debugging zvinonetsa uye nyore kukonzera tsaona.Parizvino, madhijitari odhiyo processors akaonekwa, ayo anobatanidza mabasa ari pamusoro, uye anogona kuve akangwara, ari nyore kushanda, uye epamusoro mukuita.

4. Inzwi rekusimbisa hurongwa

Inzwi rekusimbisa sisitimu inofanirwa kutarisisa kune iyo inofanirwa kusangana neinonzwika simba uye inonzwika munda kufanana;kumiswa kwakaringana kwevatauri mhenyu kunogona kuvandudza kujeka kwekusimbisa inzwi, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesimba rekurira uye acoustic mhinduro;simba rose remagetsi resimbi yekusimbisa system inofanirwa kuchengeterwa 30% -50 % Yesimba rekuchengetedza;shandisa wireless monitoring mahedhifoni.

5. Kubatana kwehurongwa

Impedance yekuenzanisa uye nhanho yekuenzanisa inofanirwa kutariswa munyaya yekubatanidza mudziyo.Kuenzana uye kusaenzana kunoenderana nereferenzi point.Iko kukosha kwekupokana (Impedance value) yemativi ese echiratidzo pasi yakaenzana, uye polarity yakatarisana, inova yakaenzana yekupinda kana kubuda.Sezvo zviratidzo zvekuvhiringidza zvakagamuchirwa nematerminals maviri akaenzana ane kukosha kwakafanana uye polarity yakafanana, zviratidzo zvekuvhiringidza zvinogona kukanzura mumwe nemumwe pamutoro wekutakura kwakaenzana.Naizvozvo, dunhu rakadzikama rine zvirinani zvakajairika-modhi kudzvinyirira uye anti-kupindira kugona.Yakawanda nyanzvi yekuteerera midziyo inotora yakaringana yekubatanidza.

Kubatana kwemutauri kunofanirwa kushandisa akawanda seti etambo pfupi dzemutauri kudzikisira mutsara kuramba.Nekuti iyo mutsara kuramba uye inobuda kuramba yesimba amplifier inokanganisa yakaderera frequency Q kukosha kweiyo speaker system, hunhu hwenguva pfupi hweiyo yakaderera frequency huchave hwakaipa, uye tambo yekutumira inoburitsa kukanganisa panguva yekufambiswa kwemasaini masaini.Nekuda kweiyo capacitance yakagoverwa uye yakagovaniswa inductance yemutsetse wekutapurirana, ese ane mamwe ma frequency maitiro.Sezvo chiratidzo chacho chinoumbwa nezvikamu zvakawanda zvenguva yakawanda, apo boka rezvinyorwa zvinonzwika rinoumbwa nezvikamu zvakawanda zvenguva yakawanda zvichipfuura nemutsetse wekutumira, kunonoka uye kuderedzwa kunokonzerwa nezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana zvakasiyana, zvichiita kuti zvinonzi amplitude distortion uye chikamu chinokanganisa.Kazhinji kutaura, kukanganisa kunogara kuripo.Zvinoenderana neiyo theoretical mamiriro emutsetse wekutapurirana, iyo isina kurasikirwa mamiriro eR = G = 0 haizokonzeri kukanganisa, uye zvachose kurasikirwa hazvigoneke.Munyaya yekurasikirwa kushoma, mamiriro ekufambisa kwechiratidzo pasina kukanganisa ndeye L / R = C / G, uye iyo chaiyo yunifomu yekufambisa mutsara inogara L / R.

6. System debugging

Usati wagadziriswa, tanga waisa iyo system level curve kuitira kuti chiratidzo chenhanho yega yega ive mukati meiyo dhizaini renji yechishandiso, uye hapazove ne-isina-mutsara clipping nekuda kweyakanyanya chiyero chechiratidzo, kana yakadzikira chiratidzo chechiratidzo. -ku-noise kuenzanisa Yakashata, pakuisa system level curve, iyo level curve yemusanganisi yakakosha.Mushure mekuisa iyo nhanho, iyo system frequency hunhu inogona kugadziriswa.

Yemazuva ano inyanzvi electro-acoustic michina ine mhando iri nani kazhinji ine yakanyanya flat frequency maitiro muhuwandu hwe20Hz-20KHz.Zvisinei, mushure mekubatana kwe-multi-level, kunyanya vatauri, vanogona kunge vasina kunyanya flat frequency maitiro.Iyo yakanyanya kurongeka nzira yepink noise-spectrum analyzer nzira.Magadzirirwo enzira iyi kuisa ruzha rwepingi mugudzanzwi, kuridzazve nemukurukuri, uye kushandisa maikorofoni yekuyedza kusimudza ruzha panzvimbo yekuteerera yakanakisa muhoro.Iyo maikorofoni yekuyedza yakabatana neiyo spectrum analyzer, iyo spectrum analyzer inogona kuratidza amplitude-frequency hunhu hwehoro inonzwika system, uye yobva yanyatso gadzirisa yakaenzana zvinoenderana nemhedzisiro yekuyera kuyerwa kuita iyo yakazara amplitude-frequency maitiro akafuratira.Mushure mekugadzirisa, zvakanakisa kutarisa mafungu ega ega neoscilloscope kuti uone kana imwe nhanho ine clipping kukanganisa kunokonzerwa nekugadziriswa kukuru kweiyo yakaenzana.

Kupindira kweSystem kunofanirwa kutarisisa kune: iyo magetsi ekupa magetsi inofanira kunge yakagadzikana;goko remudziyo wega wega unofanirwa kuve wakadzikwa zvakanaka kudzivirira hum;chiratidzo chekuisa uye kubuda kunofanira kuenzana;kudzivirira yakasununguka wiring uye irregular welding.