Kupatsanurana kwenzwi kunonziwo kupatsanurana kwema frequency. Ndekuti chiratidzo chenzwi chemushandi chinokamurwa muchikamu chepakati chekugadzirisa chemushandi chisati chawedzerwa simba nechikamu chesimba rekuwedzera. Nheyo yacho ndeyekuti chiratidzo chenzwi chinotumirwa kuchikamu chepakati chekugadzirisa (CPU) chemushandi, uye chikamu chepakati chekugadzirisa chiratidzo chemushandi chinokamurwa kuita chiratidzo che low-frequency uye chiratidzo che high-frequency zvichienderana nehuwandu hwemhinduro yema frequency, uye ipapo zviratidzo zviviri zvakaparadzaniswa zvinopinzwa muchikamu chekuwedzera simba uye zvinowedzerwa zvakasiyana. Nzira yekupatsanura ma frequency ndeye digital.

Kupatsanurana kwenzwi risingashande, kunonziwo kupatsanurana kwenzwi risingashande, ndiko kuti chiratidzo chenzwi chinowedzerwa ne power amplifier circuit uye chobva chapatsanurwa ne passive crossover, uye chobva chaiswa kune tweeter kana woofer inoenderana. Nheyo ndeyekuti ruzha rwe frequency yakakwira runoseferwa ne inductance circuit, zvichisiya ruzha rwe frequency yakaderera, uye zvobva zvaiswa ruzha rwe frequency yakaderera kune woofer. Ruzha rwe frequency yakaderera runoseferwa ne electrolytic capacitor uye ruzha rwe frequency yakakwira runosara, uye rwobva rwaiswa kune tweeter. Nzira yekupatsanurana kwe frequency inogadziriswa ne variable resistor.

Kupatsanura ruzha kunofanira kunge kuri chikamu chikuru chine basa rekupatsanura ruzha rwemafrequency kana kuwedzera digital active crossover mushure mekubuda kweaudio yechikamu chikuru. Kazhinji, mamodheru epamusoro eAlpine main unit ane basa rekupatsanura ruzha rwemafrequency. Rinoonekwa nema crossover points akarurama uye frequency division. Ruzha rwakachena mushure mekupatsanura ruzha rwemafrequency.

Manzwi anobatsira anoshandiswa nevanhu vazhinji. Mazwi madiki eWalkman manzwi anobatsira, kureva kuti, ma amplifiers anowedzerwa mubhokisi rezwi rinopa ruzha. Patinoda kuishandisa, tinongoda nhanho yepamberi kwete nhanho yekumashure. Izwi rinopa ruzha rinoshandisa nzira yekuparadzanisa ruzha rwemagetsi, uye rinobvisa dambudziko rekufananidza nenhanho yekumashure yakakodzera; izwi rinopa ruzha risingashande inzwi rinopa ruzha rinowanikwa rine network imwe chete mukati.

Chikamu chepamberi chinoshanda ndicho chikamu chepamberi cheIC, transistor, uye vacuum tube chatinowanzoona. Chine simba rekuwedzera simba kana chiratidzo chaiswa uye chabuda. Rudzi urwu rwechikamu chepamberi runogona kuita mashandiro akasimba, uye hunhu hwemodhi yega yega hwakasiyanawo. Chikamu chepamberi chisiri chega chinongova chinhu chinodzora vhoriyamu, chinobuda chichava chidiki pane chinoiswa, asi mamiriro ekuita kwetoni akaderera, kazhinji musiyano mudiki chete, kwete sekuti amplifier yepamberi yakasiyana zvakanyanya.